Plain words
What the terms on these pages mean here, in a sentence or two each.
- “But for” share
- How often an incentive is the deciding reason a company comes or expands, rather than a bonus for something it would have done anyway. Only jobs the grant decides count as its benefit.
- Assumption
- A number Epomena had to supply because the public record did not. Every assumption is labelled so you can check or change it.
- Benefit-cost analysis
- A comparison of a project's public benefits, in dollars, with its costs. Taxes and grants are transfers between people, not benefits, so they are left out.
- Census tract
- A neighborhood-sized area the Census Bureau uses for statistics, usually 2,500 to 8,000 people.
- Coastal high-hazard area
- Under Florida law, the land below the category 1 hurricane storm-surge line from the SLOSH model. State law asks local plans to limit public spending there (s. 163.3178, F.S.).
- Community Rating System (CRS)
- A FEMA program that lowers flood-insurance premiums in communities that do more than the minimum. Class 10 earns nothing; each class better takes 5% off high-risk-zone premiums, down to 45% at class 1.
- CRA (community redevelopment agency)
- A city or county agency for a defined redevelopment area. Most of the growth in property tax inside the area goes to its trust fund, to be spent there, instead of to the general budget (s. 163.387, F.S.).
- Debt coverage
- How many times the revenue pledged to the loan each year covers that year's loan payments. 1.25× means $1.25 for every $1.00 owed; lenders usually want at least that much cushion.
- FEMA high-risk flood zone
- FEMA's special flood hazard area: land with at least a 1% chance of flooding in any year (zones A and V). Flood insurance is required there for most mortgages.
- Margin of error
- Census survey figures are estimates. The 90% margin of error is the range the true value most likely falls in; Epomena only calls a difference real when it is bigger than that range.
- Millage
- A property tax rate: one mill is $1 of tax for every $1,000 of taxable value.
- National Risk Index
- FEMA's ratings of natural-hazard risk, social vulnerability and community resilience for every county and tract, ranked against the whole country.
- NFIP
- The National Flood Insurance Program, run by FEMA. Its claims records show where insured flood damage has actually been paid.
- Receiving zone
- In Epomena, a safer place where public money could help people and businesses move from repeat-disaster areas (Onaran, Duany and Crabtree, Urbanism for a Difficult Future, 2023). In Florida land-use law a "receiving" parcel or area usually means something else: the place that takes development rights in a transfer-of-development-rights program.
- Repetitive-loss property
- An insured building that has flooded and been paid out more than once (FEMA's NFIP or FMA definitions). Severe repetitive loss means four or more claims, or very large repeated ones.
- Tax increment
- The extra property tax collected because values in an area rose after a base year. In a CRA, 95% of the county and city share of it goes to the redevelopment trust fund.